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Asaph

Psalm 74

Maschil of Asaph.

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Scripture (KJV)

1O God, why hast thou cast us off for ever? why doth thine anger smoke against the sheep of thy pasture?

2Remember thy congregation, which thou hast purchased of old; the rod of thine inheritance, which thou hast redeemed; this mount Zion, wherein thou hast dwelt.

3Lift up thy feet unto the perpetual desolations; even all that the enemy hath done wickedly in the sanctuary.

4Thine enemies roar in the midst of thy congregations; they set up their ensigns for signs.

5A man was famous according as he had lifted up axes upon the thick trees.

6But now they break down the carved work thereof at once with axes and hammers.

7They have cast fire into thy sanctuary, they have defiled by casting down the dwelling place of thy name to the ground.

8They said in their hearts, Let us destroy them together: they have burned up all the synagogues of God in the land.

9We see not our signs: there is no more any prophet: neither is there among us any that knoweth how long.

10O God, how long shall the adversary reproach? shall the enemy blaspheme thy name for ever?

11Why withdrawest thou thy hand, even thy right hand? pluck it out of thy bosom.

12For God is my King of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth.

13Thou didst divide the sea by thy strength: thou brakest the heads of the dragons in the waters.

14Thou brakest the heads of leviathan in pieces, and gavest him to be meat to the people inhabiting the wilderness.

15Thou didst cleave the fountain and the flood: thou driedst up mighty rivers.

16The day is thine, the night also is thine: thou hast prepared the light and the sun.

17Thou hast set all the borders of the earth: thou hast made summer and winter.

18Remember this, that the enemy hath reproached, O LORD, and that the foolish people have blasphemed thy name.

19O deliver not the soul of thy turtledove unto the multitude of the wicked: forget not the congregation of thy poor for ever.

20Have respect unto the covenant: for the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of cruelty.

21O let not the oppressed return ashamed: let the poor and needy praise thy name.

22Arise, O God, plead thine own cause: remember how the foolish man reproacheth thee daily.

23Forget not the voice of thine enemies: the tumult of those that rise up against thee increaseth continually.

Summary

Psalm 74 is a communal lament over the destruction of the sanctuary, likely during the Babylonian invasion. Asaph cries, "O God, why hast thou cast us off for ever?" He asks God to remember the congregation He purchased of old and the inheritance He redeemed. The enemy has roared in the midst of the congregations, set up their ensigns, broken the carved work with axes, cast fire into the sanctuary, and defiled the dwelling place of God’s name. There is no prophet and no one who knows how long. The turning point comes at verse 12: "For God is my King of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth." Asaph recalls God dividing the sea, breaking the heads of dragons and leviathan, cleaving the fountain and the flood, setting the borders of the earth, and making summer and winter. He pleads with God to have respect unto the covenant, to deliver not the soul of His turtledove, and to arise and plead His own cause.

The major themes are communal lament, destruction of the sanctuary, God’s sovereignty over creation, covenant, and plea for God to arise. Practically, the psalm teaches that in times of devastation, God’s people may appeal to His past acts of salvation and His covenant. The great lesson is that God is King of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth.

Key Themes

A Prayer from Psalm 74

O God, why have You cast us off? Remember Your congregation, which You purchased of old. The enemy has roared in Your congregations, cast fire into Your sanctuary, and defiled Your dwelling place. There is no prophet, and we do not know how long. Yet You are my King of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth. You divided the sea, broke the heads of leviathan, and set the borders of the earth. Have respect unto the covenant; deliver not the soul of Your turtledove. Let the poor and needy praise Your name. Arise, O God, plead Your own cause. Forget not the voice of Your enemies. In Jesus’ name, Amen.

Reflection Questions

  1. 1How does this psalm give voice to communal devastation?
  2. 2What does it mean to appeal to God’s past acts of salvation in present crisis?
  3. 3How does the memory of creation’s God comfort the lamenting community?
  4. 4Where do I need to cry, "Arise, O God, plead thine own cause"?

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